尊敬的用户您好,这是来自manbetx20客户端下载
的温馨提示:如您对更多manbetx20客户端下载
的内容感兴趣,请在苹果应用商店或谷歌应用市场搜索“manbetx20客户端下载
”,下载manbetx20客户端下载
的官方应用。
Sam Bankman-Fried cut an unlikely figure as he took the stage on the final morning of this year’s big derivatives-industry conference in Boca Raton, Florida. Sporting a grey T-shirt, khaki shorts and sneakers, his mane of curly hair untamed, the 30-year-old chief executive of FTX looked more like a student who had just rolled out of bed to grab breakfast at his college cafeteria than the boss of an international cryptocurrency exchange valued at $32bn.
在今年佛罗里达州博卡拉顿举行的大型衍生品行业会议的最后一天上午,山姆·班克曼-弗里德(Sam Bankman-Fried)以一种不太可能的形象登台演讲。这位30岁的FTX首席执行官身穿灰色T恤、卡其色短裤和运动鞋,一头卷发桀骜不驯,看起来更像是一个刚从床上爬起来去大学食堂吃早餐的学生,而不是一家价值320亿美元的国际加密货币交易所的老板。
Adding to incongruity at the Futures Industry Association event was that Bankman-Fried was engaging in a one-on-one chat with Alex Rodriguez, the retired American baseball star, broadcaster and business executive known as A-Rod. Standing a good six inches taller than his interlocutor and still fit at 46, the one-time fiancé of Jennifer Lopez was every inch a red-carpet celebrity in his dark suit, white shirt and power tie.
在美国期货行业协会(Futures Industry Association)的这次活动中,更不协调的是,班克曼-弗里德正在与美国退役棒球明星、节目主持人和企业高管、人称“A-Rod”的亚历克斯·罗德里格斯(Alex Rodriguez)进行一对一的交谈。这位曾是詹妮弗·洛佩兹(Jennifer Lopez)未婚夫的名人,比他的对话者高出6英寸,身穿深色西装、白衬衫和象征地位的高级领带,从头到脚展现着红毯上的名人的风范。
But it was A-Rod who was out of his league.
然而,在两人当中,A-Rod才是那个“小角色”。
Bankman-Fried had already stolen the show at the March gathering with a groundbreaking proposal to US regulators to automate risk management in financial markets — using practices developed for digital assets. FTX says it plans to start with a small market — leveraged futures contracts for cryptocurrencies. But it raises the possibility of a brave new world in which traditional brokers would be replaced by computers, and machines would make margin calls in 24-hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week trade.
在3月份的会议上,班克曼-弗里德已经抢尽风头,他向美国监管机构提出了一项突破性的建议,要求利用为数字资产开发的实践,实现金融市场风险管理的自动化。FTX表示,它计划从一个小型的市场杠杆式加密货币期货合约开始。但它也带来了一个美好新世界的可能性:传统的经纪人将被电脑取代,机器将在一周7天、每天24小时的交易中发出追加保证金通知。
As he compared notes with Rodriguez, Bankman-Fried stuck to a futuristic vision, holding forth at length on the “really beautiful experience” of using some of the new protocols being built on blockchains, the distributed ledger technology underpinning cryptocurrencies. By the time he finished, the former New York Yankees slugger was a gushing fan. “This guy is way too smart,” he said.
在与罗德里格斯交换意见时,班克曼-弗里德坚持了一个未来的愿景,详细阐述了使用一些建立在区块链上的新协议的“真正美好的体验”,使用分布式账本技术的区块链是加密货币的基础。当他讲完时,前纽约洋基队(New York Yankees)的强击手已经是一位热情的粉丝。“这家伙太聪明了,”他说。
The warm reception given to the young man in short trousers by the folks in suits at the Florida pow-wow was something of a surprise. Bankman-Fried and his industry are controversial. An American citizen, he is a paper billionaire many times over based on his majority interest — his exact holding has not been disclosed — in an international crypto exchange that is incorporated in Antigua and Barbuda and operates with a licence issued by the Bahamas. His three-person board has one outside director, a lawyer in its corporate home country.
在佛罗里达的聚会上,穿着西装的人们对这位穿着短裤的年轻人的热情接待让人有些意外。班克曼-弗里德和他的行业是有争议的。作为一名美国公民,基于他在安提瓜和巴布达注册、并持有巴哈马颁发的执照的一家国际加密货币交易所的多数股权(他的确切持股数量尚未披露),他的账面财富相当于几个亿万富翁。他的三人董事会中有一名外部董事,是公司所在国的一名律师。
The crypto business faces headwinds on multiple fronts. Gary Gensler, US Securities and Exchange Commission chair, has said there is a “great deal of hype and spin” about how digital assets work and a lack of investor protections in the “Wild West” markets where they trade. Lesser authorities have wondered how coins named after little dogs or non-fungible tokens depicting bored apes could be worth so much. Hopes that bitcoin would function as a kind of digital gold have been undercut by its difficult-to-explain price movements in crises.
加密业务在多个方面都面临着阻力。美国证交会(SEC)主席加里•詹斯勒(Gary Gensler)表示,关于数字资产的工作方式存在“大量炒作和泡沫”,数字资产交易的“狂野西部”市场缺乏投资者保护。一些较小的监管机构想知道,以小狗命名的加密货币,或以无聊猿命名的NFT,怎么会值这么多钱。比特币在危机中难以解释的价格波动,削弱了它作为一种数字黄金发挥作用的希望。
Sam Bankman-Fried had a one-on-one chat with Alex Rodriguez, the retired American baseball star, at the Boca Raton conference in March
山姆·班克曼·弗里德在3月的博卡拉顿(Boca Raton)大会上与美国退役棒球明星亚历克斯·罗德里格斯进行了一对一的交谈
Yet Bankman-Fried created a buzz in Boca by focusing less on what is being traded on exchanges such as FTX and more on how it is being traded — the implication being that the gold might be in the new financial plumbing itself rather than what flows through it. In the process, he took a far different approach to dealing with the government than his more combative brethren in the libertarian-leaning crypto community. He invited oversight and sought a dialogue with the regulators — which he has received.
然而,班克曼-弗里德较少关注在FTX等交易所交易的是什么,而是更多地关注这些交易的方式,这在博卡拉顿引起了轰动。这意味着,价值本身可能就在新的金融管道中,而不在于流经这些管道的到底是什么。在这个过程中,他采取的与政府打交道的方式,与倾向自由意志主义的加密社区中更好斗的“加密兄弟”们截然不同。他邀请监管部门进行监督,并寻求与监管机构进行对话——他已经收到了相关答复。
Rostin Behnam, chair of the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which regulates derivatives markets, addressed the FTX proposal in a speech at the same event. While pledging to be “careful, patient and deliberative with this request”, Behnam also expressed public admiration for the ideas behind Bankman-Fried’s argument.
监管衍生品市场的美国商品期货交易委员会主席罗丝汀•贝南(Rostin Behnam)在同一场活动上发表讲话,谈到了FTX的提案。贝南承诺将“谨慎、耐心和审慎地处理这一请求”,同时也公开表达了对班克曼-弗里德观点背后的理念的赞赏。
“The request represents an innovative proposal that deserves careful consideration,” Behnam said, adding: “It has never been, nor should it ever be our job to choose winners or losers in the industry. Only the market and the customer can do that.”
贝南说:“这一要求代表了一个值得仔细考虑的创新方案。”他补充说:“我们从来没有,也不应该在行业中选择赢家或输家。只有市场和客户才能做到这一点。”
Trading day and night
日夜交易
The CFTC itself set the stage for Bankman-Fried’s star turn only five days before the conference. On March 10, it issued a request for public comment on a proposal by the US derivatives arm of FTX to allow a small US futures exchange it bought last year to offer leveraged futures contracts.
就在会议召开前5天,商品期货交易委员会本身就为班克曼-弗里德的闪亮登场做好了准备。3月10日,它就FTX美国衍生品部门的一项提议发表了一份公开征求意见的声明,该提议允许其去年收购的一家小型美国期货交易所提供杠杆期货合约。
The products it currently offers to retail investors are — to use the industry lingo — “fully collateralized,” meaning FTX takes no credit risk. With leveraged futures there is a big difference. These contracts enable investors to take large positions while putting up a fraction of the value of the trade, known as margin. The leverage means investors can get more bang for their buck if things go right. The margin functions ensure that a soured bet and default doesn’t cascade through the financial system.
用行业术语来说,FTX目前向散户投资者提供的产品是“完全担保”的,这意味着FTX不承担信用风险。就杠杆期货而言,两者有很大区别。这些合约使投资者能够持有大额头寸,同时提供交易价值的一小部分,即保证金。这种杠杆意味着,如果事情进展顺利,投资者可以获得更大的回报。保证金功能可以确保押注失败和违约不会波及整个金融体系。
The novel part of the FTX proposal is how it deals with margin. In today’s markets, brokers known as futures commission merchants, or FCMs, collect margin and make sure customers have enough of it to support their positions. If they do not, FCMs ask for more money, usually overnight, or advance funds to special customers to keep them in the game.
FTX提案的新颖之处在于它如何处理保证金。在今天的市场上,被称为期货佣金交易商(FCM)的经纪商收取保证金,并确保客户有足够的保证金来支撑他们的头寸。如果他们不这样做,期货佣金交易商就会要求更多的钱,通常是隔夜的,或者预先向特殊客户提供资金,让他们留在游戏中。
FCMs also contribute to guarantee funds at clearing houses — third parties that stand between buyers and sellers of futures — to “mutualise” loses in a major default. FCMs hold $456bn in customer funds, the CFTC says, with the two biggest being arms of JPMorgan Chase and Goldman Sachs.
期货佣金交易商还向清算所(期货买卖双方之间的第三方)提供担保资金,以“共同分担”重大违约中的损失。商品期货交易委员会表示,期货佣金交易商持有4560亿美元客户资金,其中最大的两家是摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)和高盛(Goldman Sachs)旗下的子公司。
Rostin Behnam, chair of the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission, expressed admiration for Bankman-Fried’s proposal
美国商品期货交易委员会主席罗丝汀•贝南对班克曼-弗里德的提议表示赞赏
FTX is seeking to bypass the brokers and use an approach that has evolved in the do-it-yourself, 24/7 crypto trade. In this world, digital assets move on computer networks that have no opening or closing times, or any of the traditional gatekeepers that were required by older technologies.
FTX正寻求绕过经纪商,使用一种在自己动手、全天候加密交易中发展起来的方法。在这个世界中,数字资产在没有开放和关闭时间的计算机网络上移动,也没有任何传统的、旧技术所需要的守门人。
Under the FTX plan, customers would deposit collateral in FTX accounts — cash or crypto — and be responsible for keeping enough on hand to cover margin requirements at all times. Margin levels would be calculated every 30 seconds. If the margin falls too low, FTX would start liquidating the position in seconds, selling it off in 10 per cent increments or, in worst-case scenarios, offering it to “backstop liquidity providers who agree ahead of time to accept a set amount”. FTX also promised to put $250mn of cash into a guarantee fund.
根据FTX的计划,客户将在FTX账户中存入抵押品(现金或加密货币),并有责任随时保留足够的抵押品以满足保证金要求。保证金水平每30秒计算一次。如果保证金降得太低,FTX将在数秒内开始平仓,以10%的增量出售,或者在最坏的情况下,提供“支持提前同意接受设定金额的流动性提供商”。FTX还承诺向一个担保基金注入2.5亿美元现金。
FTX officials argue that the current practice of asking for margin creates a world of unsecured credit in which FCMs basically hope the customer will pay at some point. Their automated system would be safer, they say. Liquidations would be more frequent, but less ruinous. As proof, they pointed to the ability of their three-year-old international exchange to survive the ferocious volatility of digital asset prices.
FTX的管理人员辩称,目前要求保证金的做法创造了一个无担保信贷的世界,期货佣金交易商大多希望客户会在某个时候付款。他们说,他们的自动化系统会更安全。清算会更频繁,但破坏性会更小。为了证明这一点,他们指出,这家成立三年的国际交易所,已经在数字资产价格的剧烈波动中生存下来了。
“From a risk perspective, and this gets lost sometimes in discussions, I think our proposal is, in some senses, much more conservative . . . than the norm,” Bankman-Fried said in a Financial Times interview.
班克曼-弗里德在接受英国《金融时报》采访时说:“从风险的角度来看,这一点在讨论中有时会被忽略,我认为我们的建议在某些方面要比正常情况下保守得多。”
Don Wilson, chief executive of DRW, one of the world’s biggest derivatives traders, says his group has been “trading this way for some time in the crypto space” and has grown to like the 24/7 action. Because it can be moved around at all hours, crypto is very handy collateral for leveraged players looking to act quickly in the markets.
manbetx app苹果
最大的衍生品交易商之一DRW的首席执行官唐•威尔逊(Don Wilson)表示,该集团“在加密领域以这种方式交易已经有一段时间了”,并逐渐喜欢上了全天候的交易方式。因为它可以随时移动,对于希望在市场上快速行动的杠杆玩家来说,加密货币是非常方便的抵押品。
“One of the things that blockchain technology enables is more efficient and more real-time exchange of collateral. Once you have the ability to move collateral in a nearly instantaneous manner, then you can rethink the way you’re doing your margining,” he says.
”区块链技术实现的事情之一是更有效和更实时地交换抵押品。一旦你有能力以几乎即时的方式移动抵押品,你就可以重新考虑你的保证金交易方式,"他说。
“We have to manage the collateral in real time and we’ve never got closed out of a position [liquidated],” he explains. “People who don’t have the collateral get closed out of their positions and that’s a good thing. That reduces systemic risk and once you get it to the ability to very efficiently close out positions . . . now do you really even need an intermediary?”
他解释说:“我们必须实时管理抵押品,而且我们从未被关闭仓位(清算)。没有抵押品的人会被平仓,这是一件好事。这降低了系统性风险,一旦你有能力非常有效地关闭仓位……现在你真的需要还需要一个中间人吗?”
Getting rid of gatekeepers
摆脱守门人
The case for human intermediation in futures markets took a real-time blow as industry executives met in Boca Raton. Across the Atlantic, the London Metal Exchange halted nickel trading for a week — and cancelled a day of trades — after a big bearish bet by Chinese metals tycoon Xiang Guangda backfired and left him facing huge margin calls. Activity only resumed after Xiang struck an agreement with banking counterparties including JPMorgan and Standard Chartered to keep his position open.
当行业高管们在博卡拉顿开会时,期货市场中存在人为中介的理由受到了实时打击。大西洋彼岸的伦敦金属交易所(LME)暂停镍交易一周,并取消了一天的交易。此前,manbetx3.0
金属大亨项光达的一笔巨额空头押注事与人违,令他面临巨额追加保证金通知。直到项光达与摩根大通(JPMorgan)和渣打(Standard Chartered)等银行交易对手达成协议,保持其仓位后,交易活动才得以恢复。
The London Metal Exchange halted nickel trading for a week after a big bet by Chinese metals tycoon Xiang Guangda backfired
在manbetx3.0
金属大亨项光达豪赌失败后,伦敦金属交易所暂停镍交易一周
The debacle pointed to a hole in the defences erected by global regulators in response to the 2008 financial crisis and the role that opaque derivatives trading played in it. Officials pushed for more central clearing of trades and tougher margin requirements as a backstop for the system. But regulators were never able to construct a real-time risk management dashboard that would enable them to spot a big market player building up a dangerously large leveraged position.
这场灾难表明,manbetx app苹果
监管机构为应对2008年金融危机而建立的防御体系存在漏洞,以及不透明的衍生品交易在其中扮演的角色。官员们努力推动更集中的交易清算和更严格的保证金要求,以作为该体系的后盾。但监管机构从未能够构建一个实时风险管理监控机制,让他们能够发现正在建立危险的巨额杠杆头寸的大型市场参与者。
As the LME reeled, FTX was making a well-timed sales pitch that it could fill the gap. Regulators would be able to log on to its website and see “to the penny” the “total amount of risk in the system”, FTX claimed. Some of that data could even be shared with the public, Bankman-Fried said.
在伦敦金属交易所(LME)陷入困境之际,FTX适时地进行推销,声称自己可以填补这一缺口。FTX声称,监管机构将能够登录其网站,“完全”了解“系统中的总风险”。班克曼-弗里德说,其中一些数据甚至可以与公众共享。
“I think it would be cool to have a public dashboard that makes much more of this clear,” he says. “We know how much collateral exactly is in the system. We are custodying it. We have internal metrics and we have alarms that go off if that changes internally. We just haven’t made it public.”
他表示:“我认为,如果能有一个公共监控系统,让这一切变得更加清晰,那将是一件很酷的事情。我们知道体系中到底有多少抵押品。我们正在保管它。我们有内部指标,如果内部发生变化,我们会发出警报。我们只是还没有公开而已。”
The turbulence in commodities markets that followed the Russian invasion of Ukraine also gave FTX a chance to make the case for round-the-clock trading. As ruinous as that might be for the work-life balance of industry participants, it would allow investors and the financial system to adjust as quickly as possible to the outbreak of war or other disasters, the company argues.
俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后大宗商品市场的动荡,也给FTX一个机会,让它有理由进行24小时交易。该公司认为,尽管这可能会对行业参与者的工作和生活平衡造成毁灭性的影响,但它将让投资者和金融体系尽快做出调整,以应对战争或其他灾难的爆发。
“It’s not like waiting till Monday means you didn’t have risk over the weekend. It was there. You just were intentionally not paying attention to it,” says Bankman-Fried. “You can have more continuous deleveraging. You don’t have to have these three-day gaps in which war can break out.”
“需要等到周一,并不意味着周末就没有风险。风险就在那里。你只是故意不去注意它,”班克曼-弗里德说。“你可以进行更连续的去杠杆化。你不必等上三天,因为这三天可能会爆发战争。”
Not everyone, of course, is as enthusiastic. Craig Pirrong, a University of Houston finance professor, says he fears the mechanical FTX approach could prove “destabilising”, exacerbating market moves in either direction and possibly creating opportunities for bad actors to manipulate prices in hopes of triggering liquidations. He suggests the CFTC adds a “shock absorber” to the FTX system to slow down the action when necessary.
当然,并不是每个人都这么热情。休斯顿大学(University of Houston)金融学教授克雷格•皮龙(Craig Pirrong)表示,他担心,机械的FTX方法可能会“破坏稳定”,加剧市场朝任何方向的波动,并可能为不良行为者创造操纵价格、以期触发清算的机会。他建议商品期货交易委员会在FTX系统中增加一个“减震器”,以在必要时减缓交易速度。
“This is a double-edged sword. There is a trade-off here,” he says. “Innovation should be allowed, but the potential issue with this innovation should be recognised and the CFTC should get ready to mitigate it.”
“这是一把双刃剑。这里有一个权衡,”他说。“应该允许创新,但应该认识到这种创新的潜在问题,商品期货交易委员会应该准备好缓解这种问题。”
The CFTC has signalled it is going to take its time in deciding what to do. In a sign of the intense debate to come, the regulator has extended the original comment period on the FTX proposal by 30 days, to May 11. Market participants are already asking about the reliability of the FTX plan for back-up liquidity providers or whether it would concentrate risk in too few hands. Because futures are used by farmers and ranchers to hedge risks, agricultural interests could weigh in, complicating matters politically.
商品期货交易委员会已经发出信号,它将慢慢决定该怎么做。作为即将到来的激烈辩论的一个标志,监管机构已将FTX提案的原定评论期延长了30天,至5月11日。市场参与者已经在询问FTX计划对备用流动性提供者的可靠性,或者它是否会将风险集中在太少的人手中。由于期货被农民和牧场主用来对冲风险,农业利益相关者可能会参与进来,使政治问题复杂化。
Down the road from Boca Raton, basketball team Miami Heat play in the FTX Arena
在通向博卡拉顿的路边,迈阿密热火篮球队正在FTX体育馆打球
The FCM’s are another wildcard. FTX officials are taking pains to say that investors who want to retain their brokers can trade through them at their exchange. FTX does not mean to suggest that “just because we allow for disintermediation, there has to be disintermediation”, says Brett Harrison, president of FTX.US.
期货佣金交易商是另一个未知因素。FTX的管理人士煞费苦心地表示,想要留住他们的经纪人的投资者可以在他们的交易所通过他们进行交易。FTX美国公司总裁布雷特•哈里森(Brett Harrison)表示,FTX并不意味着“仅仅因为我们允许去中介化,就必须去中介化”。
But the traditional players are unlikely to be happy. After long period of decline — in which the number of FCMs fell from 178 at the end of the 2005 to 61 in the latest CFTC survey — prospects for the business are looking up. Rising interest rates would make it more profitable to hold customer balances, says Carl Gilmore, president of Integritas Financial Consulting, who adds: “Don’t be surprised if you see a bunch of FCMs complaining about this in the next few weeks.”
但传统的玩家不太可能会为此感到开心。在经历了长时间的下降之后,该行业的业务前景正在好转。商品期货交易委员会的最新调查显示,期货佣金交易商的数量从2005年底的178家下降到61家。金融咨询公司Integritas Financial Consulting的总裁卡尔•吉尔摩(Carl Gilmore)表示,不断上升的利率将使保持客户余额更加有利可图。他补充道:“未来几周内,如果你看到一群期货佣金交易商发出抱怨,不要感到惊讶。”
The regulation fight
监管斗争
Whatever happens, the FTX proposal and the debate it has stirred marks a new phase in the drama over crypto regulation, which to this point has recalled Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot, at least in the US.
无论发生什么,FTX提案及其引发的辩论,标志着围绕加密监管的戏剧进入了一个新阶段,到目前为止,这让人想起塞缪尔•贝克特(Samuel Beckett)的《等待戈多》(Waiting for Godot),至少在美国是这样。
In an executive order on crypto his year, Joe Biden signalled both his determination to regulate the industry — and the delays to come. The president’s declaration was short on details and long on studies. It will be months before detailed proposals emerge from his administration. Although a bipartisan group of legislators is discussing how to deal with crypto, final action on Capitol Hill will take time.
在今年发布的一份有关加密货币的行政命令中,乔•拜登(Joe Biden)表达了他监管该行业的决心——以及即将到来的拖延。总统的声明细节不足,研究内容冗长。他的政府还需要几个月的时间才能拿出详细的提案。尽管一个由两党议员组成的小组正在讨论如何处理加密货币,但国会的最终行动将需要时间。
As a result, no single US regulator oversees the spot market in digital assets. While the CFTC takes an interest in crypto derivatives, there is a raging debate on Gensler’s assertion that many cryptocurrencies are securities under US law, making them fair game for the SEC. Most crypto exchanges in the US operate with money transmitter licenses.
因此,美国没有一个监管机构对数字资产的现货市场进行监管。虽然商品期货交易委员会对加密衍生品感兴趣,但詹斯勒的说法引发了激烈的争论,他认为许多加密货币是美国法律下的证券,这使它们成为SEC的公平竞争对象。美国大多数加密交易所的运营都拥有货币传送商许可证。
“Would we like Congress to pass a bill that clarifies everything? Absolutely,” says Bankman-Fried, the son of two Stanford law school professors. “But that could take years.”
班克曼-弗里德说,“我们希望国会通过一项澄清一切的法案吗?当然,但这可能需要数年时间。”班克曼-弗里德的父母是斯坦福大学法学院的两位教授。
In the meantime, FTX is taking regulatory matters into its own hands. Bankman-Fried has already suggested to Congress that the CFTC should be made the regulator for all digital assets in US spot and derivatives markets. With its proposal to the CFTC, FTX is prodding its preferred regulator into action that could establish key rules of the road for traders.
与此同时,FTX正在自行处理监管问题。班克曼-弗里德已经向国会建议,应该让商品期货交易委员会成为美国现货和衍生品市场所有数字资产的监管机构。通过向商品期货交易委员会提交的提案,FTX正敦促其青睐的监管机构采取行动,可能为交易员制定关键的交易规则。
“We would love to have more clarity around the right way to get licensed and registered for digital assets,” says Bankman-Fried. “I do think this is an attempt for us to find what seems like the best oversight that can be given, given the structure that exists today.”
班克曼-弗里德表示:“我们希望能够明确数字资产获得授权和注册的正确方式。我确实认为,鉴于目前存在的结构,这是我们寻找最佳监管方式的一次最好的尝试。”
Comedian and writer Larry David starred in a Super Bowl ad for FTX
喜剧演员兼作家拉里·大卫(Larry David)在FTX的超级碗广告中担任主角
Bankman-Fried started FTX only three years ago, first setting up an international exchange and then one for US users. The larger international operation is now worth more than Deutsche Bank or Credit Suisse, based on its $32bn valuation in January funding round that included Japan’s SoftBank and Canada’s Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan.
班克曼-弗里德在3年前才创办FTX,先是建立了一家国际交易所,后来又建立了一家面向美国用户的交易所。规模更大的国际业务目前的估值超过了德意志银行(Deutsche Bank)或瑞士信贷(Credit Suisse),最新一轮融资在今年1月进行,获得了包括日本软银(SoftBank)和加拿大安大略省教师养老金计划(Ontario Teachers ' Pension Plan)在内的投资,估值为320亿美元。
Down the road from Boca Raton, the Miami Heat of the National Basketball Association play in the FTX Arena. Larry David stars in the company’s commercials. The FTX chief executive has even mused about growing big enough to buy Goldman Sachs.
在从博卡拉顿出发的路上,NBA的迈阿密热火队(Miami Heat of the National Basketball Association)正在FTX体育馆比赛。拉里·大卫(Larry David)主演了该公司的广告。FTX的首席执行官甚至考虑过要发展到能收购高盛的规模。
Bankman-Fried has made the scale of his ambitions clear to officials considering his proposal. In a letter sent to regulators in February by one of his in-house lawyers — one of several former CFTC employees working at FTX — the government was put on notice that he is only getting started.
班克曼-弗里德已经向正在考虑他的提议的官员们明确表示了他的雄心。今年2月,他的一名内部律师(在FTX工作的几名商品期货交易委员会前雇员之一)致信监管机构,表示这还只是一个开始。
“FTX plans to lead futures markets in the United States into the 21st century,” wrote Brian Mulherin, general counsel of FTX US Derivatives.
“FTX计划引领美国期货市场进入21世纪,”FTX美国衍生品业务总法律顾问布赖恩•穆赫林(Brian Mulherin)写道。